Histoire Americaine

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to pass a series of laws to regulate railroads in various states.GRANGER LAWS : the supreme court upheld state regulating railroads of a grain in wabash v. Illinois/A series of laws passed in several midwestern states in the late 1860s and early 1870s. The main goal was to regulate rising fare prices of railroad and grain elevator companies. INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT :reaction or Passed by congress after the wabash decision/ first federal law to regulate unfair) business practices/ banned price fixing agreements /railroads could not charge more for short hauls than long hauls/congress set up new agency : the interstate commerce decision to oversee enforcement of the act. MUNN V ILLINOIS : The Supreme Court upheld the Granger laws. / The court decided that states had the right to regulate commerce within their states (particularly railroad and grain elevator companies), but this decision was largely overturned 10 years later by the Wabash case./WABASH.

NATIVISM: led to chinese exclusion act of 1882/ believed that white, protestant native born americans were superior to others,and that immigrants and their diverse cultural influences were undesirable /old immigrants are better than new immigrants./The policy of protecting the interests of native born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants. NEW IMMIGRANTS : 1880 -1924 Came from southern and eastern europe: Poland, Russia, Italy, Grece+ spoke no english+catholic , jewish, orthodox,poor differents traditions than most “mainstream”+ faced lot of discrimination/ living in their own ghettos. OLD IMMIGRANTS: before 1800: Came from great britain, ireland, germany, most spoke english, escape political persecution economic opportunities OHAMA PLATFORM : 1892: contained many ideas that were later enacted into laws./ the party nominated a candidate to the presidency and drew up a party platform with many innovative proposals/secret ballots, progressive income tax, initiative+referendum procedures+eight hour work day, restrictions on immigration.

POLITICAL PLATFORM: Organization usually controlled by a strong leader or “boss” that gets citizens to vote for its candidates on election day: political bosses provided jobs and services to immigrants and other poor residents in return for their votes/ provided home in exchange they can vote/example is boss tweed and tammany hall./well organized political organization that controls election results by awarding jobs and other favors in exchange for votes.POPULIST PARTY : Leaders of the Farmers Alliances formed a new national political party= People’s Party/EARLY 1890s-1/new national political party to represent the common interests of farmers+ workers. SHERMAN SILVER PURCHASE ACT: Passed in 1890 by the U.S. Congress to supplant the Bland-Allison Act of 1878/Would lead to an increase in amount of money in circulation/Positive for farmers since us meant the rise of prices/ repealed in 1893 when the country entered into an economic depression.