The Middle East.

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In 2012, the GDP in parity purchasing power in the region is $ 4,436 billion, or more than 5% of global GDP. In terms of GDP per capita, countries accuse vary widely, ranging from more than $ 80,000 per year per capita in Qatar (which is close to the Luxembourg) to $ 2500 for Yemen (a level close to Moldova)

For the majority of countries of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries in the Middle East, oil, and more broadly hydrocarbons generate both wealth, labor, foreign investment, geopolitical strength and a power token on the international stage. For example, 45% of government revenues of Saudi Arabia, 55% of its GDP and 90% of its exports are directly or indirectly related to the operation of its pétroliers2 deposits.

The importance of oil industry in the middle east:

In recent years, most countries in the region have made efforts to diversify their economy. Abu Dhabi Investment Authority is today the world's largest sovereign fund, it manages 875 billion $ and is responsible for investing the oil revenues. On the other hand, some emirates and monarchies in the region have chosen to turn to the post-oil, using their profit to lead their country into developed countries by focusing on ecological cities ( Masdar) or new cities (King Abdullah economic City). Other Arab countries have also chosen to reinvest their oil revenues directly in their own territory and invest in gigantic architectural projects such as "Palm Islands", the Burj Khalifa or Dubai Marina in Dubai. These national and international investment focus on developing non-oil dependent activities and prepare the Gulf countries to the oil era, by research in high technology and tourism

In January 2009, Oil and Gas Journal estimated that the MENA countries (organisation of middle east and north African countries including 8 of the 12 countries are also part of the OPEP) held 60% of the world’s oil reserves (810.98 billion barrels) and 45% of global reserves of natural gas, but exept for de Gulf countries the low oil price gives less profit to the states and they have problems to finance the public services, leading to unemployment ,it is then important to invest in the private sector.

Other economical areas:

The present conflicts and wars in parts of the region limit the development of tourism from Europe and North America, its cultural and historical sites, has been and could have been a strong asset, but the Arab spring has made it politically unstable for a while, but Iran for example is opening slowly their touristic potential. Nevrtheless, since the Russian invasion of Afghanistan, then the Gulf wars, the Afghan, Libyan, Iraqi and Syrian wars has infected the region with strong economical regression.

Agriculture still occupies a prominent place in the employment of the workforce in certain Middle Eastern countries; the fertile crescent (Iraq, Syria, Lebanon and Turkey), the Nile in Egypt, or the development of kibbutzim and moshavim in Israel have ensured food security for economic development of the Mediterranean countries before developing activities services.

Commercial and financial activities have also taken a major boom, thanks to the ways of easily controllable navigations (Sea of ​​Marmara in Turkey and Suez Canal in Egypt) and the importance of export-import cargo activities, including raw materials, parts and manufactured goods from East Asia, Southeast Asia, India and the Middle East to the European Union and America the Nord.